Internal-combustion engine



May 17,1927. 1, 29,111 c. z. |.ucKE I INTER NAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 7 Filed July 2 5. 1924 Patented May 17, 1927.

UNITED STATES --1', 29,111 PATENT orries.

CHARLES E. LUCKE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO WORTHINGTON PUMP A ND MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATIONOF VIRGINIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed July 25,

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines and particularly to solid in ection engines of the Diesel or constant pressure type.

tion, a description of constructions embodyknown. a

ing the. invention in the best forms now known to me, will now be given in connection with the accompanying drawings form- .ing a part of this specification, and the features forming the invention then specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a central section through the upper end of an internal combustion engine of well known form with the preferred form of the invention;

Figure 2 is a reversed plan of head on the'line 22 of 1;

Figure .3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, with the cylinder in section, and

Figure 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing amodification.

Referring to the drawings and particularly to Fig. 1, A is the engine cylinder, B the piston and C the cylinder head provided with cooling or water jacket D. The engine the cylinder shown is of the type well known as a pre.

combustion chamber engine and E is the precombustion chamber formed in the cyliii der head C, and F the oil injection nozzle through which the oil is forced by a. suitable pump. Below the precombustion chamber E there is formed in the cylinder head C a hemispherical o1 dome-shaped combustion chamber G centrally arranged relatively to the restricted opening i from the'precombustion chamber to'the cylinder, which is shown as formed in a plugI-I removably secured in the cylinder head. The piston B in the uppermost position leaves but slight clearance between it and the cylinder head C around the chamber G, so that sub stantially all the air is compressed by the fiat top of the piston into the chamber G. The construction thus far described is well In accordance with the present invention a spreader JiS mountedcentrally Within the 1924. Serial ire/728,101;

dome-shaped combustion space (i beneath the fuel nozzle F. The spreader J, as

shown in Figs. 1 to 3, is hollow to providea cooling water chamber 1 therein, and preferably, as shown in Figs. 1 to 3, comprises an upper wall 2 convex on the top and shown as conforming generally to the shape of the combustion chamber G, and a lower plate 3 which extends across the open face of the wall 2 and preferably of con'lparatively thin metal for cooling effect next to the piston, and secured in any suitable manner, as by welding, within a suitable recess in the annu lar edge'of wall 2 to form a water-tight joint therewitln The spreader .l is suitably spaced from the wall of chamber G and preferably is supported thereon by being integral therewith or by a joint securing substantially an integral construction, without the use of screws, bolts or the like. Preferably and as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the spreader is supported b-ya. plurality of ribs 4 cast integrally with the cylinder head C and the wall 2, one or more of these ribs being suitably drilled to provide passage 5 ably secured to the cylinder wall C by be- 1 mg expanded within a bore 7 therethrough, so as to form a substantially integral connection. A passage 8 through the neck 6 connects chamber 1 withthe water jacket 1).

The operation is as follows: \Vhcn the piston B is at or near the upper end of its stroke after having compresed the air into chamber G and PI'QCOllll'HlStlOIl chamber 16, the fuel is injected through nozzle F into the precombustion chamber E where a portion of the fuel ignites, forcing the remainder of the fuel through orifice h into the combustion chamber G. Here the stream of fuel strikes the top of s reader J and is distributed thereby throug the combustion chamber G and toward the edge of the devices, such as bolts, screws,

feature.

inder, so as to, avoid local overheating of the piston head.

While it is preferable that allfastening rivets andthe like which burn out or cause fracture of the piston or cylinder head, be eliminated, as is ,done in the constructions shown,

' the. invention is not limited to the special ype of or other form, and

may be otherwise modified within the 111-- chamber, of a combustion chamber within engine shown having a precombnstion chamber and special form of combustion chamber, but is applicable also to enines of other forms, including those in which the fuel 'is injected directly intd a cylinder combustion chamber of cylindrical. the constructions shown vention as defined by the claims.

hat is claimed is: v 1. In aninternal combustion engine, the combination with a precombustion chamber having a restricted opening to the cylinder and a fuel injector delivering fuel to the chamber, of a dome-shaped combustion chamber in the cylinder having its axis co-' incident with the restricted opening from the precombustion chamber and of less area in cross section than the cylinder, a fuel 7 spreader in the dome-shaped ehamber abo e the piston and in line with the fuel fed ,thereto,

and means for cooling the spreader.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a preco nbustion chamber having a restricted opening to the cylinder andafuel-'1i ecto1' delivering 'fuel to the chamber, of a dome-shaped combustion chamber in the cylinder having its axis coincident with the restricted opening fromhaving a restricted o 'ieningto the cylinder and a fuel injector delivering fuel to the the cylinder head having its axis coincident with the restricted opening from theprecombustion chamber and-of less area in.

cross section than the cylinder, a fuel spreader in the combustion chamber above the piston and in line With the fuel fed thereto, and means for cooling the spreader. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto Set my hand.

CHARLES E. LUCKE 

